Haryana - Revision history

Kirtisharma 21 at 12:32, 14 April 2026

2026-04-14T12:32:14Z

← Older revision		Revision as of 18:02, 14 April 2026
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	\| vehicle_code = HR		\| vehicle_code = HR
	\| website = https://haryana.gov.in/		\| website = https://haryana.gov.in/
	}}'''Haryana''' exists as an state in the northwestern part of [[India]]. Haryana emerged as an [[Indian]] state on November 1 1966 after [[Punjab]] underwent linguistic reorganisation. The state of Haryana which occupies only 1.4 percent of India total land area 44 212 square kilometers maintains an unrealistic economic impact on Indian financial systems and manufacturing operations and agricultural output.		}}'''Haryana''' exists as an state in the northwestern part of [[India]]. Haryana emerged as an [[Indian]] state on November 1 1966 after [[Punjab]] underwent linguistic reorganisation. The state of Haryana which occupies only 1.4 percent of India total land area 44 212 square kilometers maintains an unrealistic economic impact on Indian financial systems and manufacturing operations and agricultural output.<ref>{{Cite web \|title=Government of Haryana \|url=https://www.haryana.gov.in/ \|website=Government of Haryana \|access-date=14 April 2026}}</ref>

	Chandigarh serves as the state capital which Punjab shares with it while Faridabad holds the title of the most populated city. Gurgaon (officially Gurugram) has gained international recognition as a leading financial corporate and technology hub which operates as part of the National Capital Region (NCR).		Chandigarh serves as the state capital which Punjab shares with it while Faridabad holds the title of the most populated city. Gurgaon (officially Gurugram) has gained international recognition as a leading financial corporate and technology hub which operates as part of the National Capital Region (NCR).

	Haryana maintains its historical value through its status as the location of both ancient civilizations and major battle sites while also showing modern progress in agricultural development and industrial growth and infrastructure expansion.		Haryana maintains its historical value through its status as the location of both ancient civilizations and major battle sites while also showing modern progress in agricultural development and industrial growth and infrastructure expansion.<ref>{{Cite web \|title=About Haryana \|url=https://hssca.org.in/about-haryana/ \|website=Haryana State Seed Certification Agency (HSSCA) \|access-date=14 April 2026}}</ref>

	==Etymology==		==Etymology==

	The name "Haryana" has multiple interpretations which stem from its historical and linguistic derivations. The term developed from the word "Ābhirāyana" which describes the territory where the Abhira people lived as a nomadic group who practiced farming. The word developed through two stages beginning with "Ahirayana" until it reached its current form "Haryana."		The name "Haryana" has multiple interpretations which stem from its historical and linguistic derivations. The term developed from the word "Ābhirāyana" which describes the territory where the Abhira people lived as a nomadic group who practiced farming. The word developed through two stages beginning with "Ahirayana" until it reached its current form "Haryana."<ref>{{Cite web \|title=About Haryana \|url=https://hssca.org.in/about-haryana/ \|website=Haryana State Seed Certification Agency (HSSCA) \|access-date=14 April 2026}}</ref>

	The name connects to "Hari" which represents Lord Vishnu and "ayana" which means home to create the meaning of "the abode of God." The ancient Indian spirituality of the region appears through its ties to Hindu religious traditions and Mahabharata epic.		The name connects to "Hari" which represents Lord Vishnu and "ayana" which means home to create the meaning of "the abode of God." The ancient Indian spirituality of the region appears through its ties to Hindu religious traditions and Mahabharata epic.
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	===Prehistoric and Ancient Period===		===Prehistoric and Ancient Period===

	Haryana presents archaeological evidence which shows its Indus Valley Civilization origins as one of the world's first urban societies. Archaeological sites such as Rakhigarhi and Bhirrana show advanced urban planning systems and drainage networks and metalworking techniques which date back to 2500 BCE or earlier.		Haryana presents archaeological evidence which shows its Indus Valley Civilization origins as one of the world's first urban societies. Archaeological sites such as Rakhigarhi and Bhirrana show advanced urban planning systems and drainage networks and metalworking techniques which date back to 2500 BCE or earlier.<ref>{{Cite web \|title=History of Haryana \|url=https://www.haryana.gov.in/history/ \|website=Government of Haryana \|access-date=14 April 2026}}</ref>

	Haryana served as the central territory of Kuru Kingdom which existed during Vedic times as one of the sixteen Mahajanapadas. The region closely links to the Battle of Kurukshetra which the Mahabharata describes as an epic fight that shows the battle between good and bad.		Haryana served as the central territory of Kuru Kingdom which existed during Vedic times as one of the sixteen Mahajanapadas. The region closely links to the Battle of Kurukshetra which the Mahabharata describes as an epic fight that shows the battle between good and bad.

	Ancient sages and scholars are believed to have composed parts of sacred texts such as the Vedas and Upanishads in this region, which became major centers for Indian philosophical and cultural development.		Ancient sages and scholars are believed to have composed parts of sacred texts such as the Vedas and Upanishads in this region, which became major centers for Indian philosophical and cultural development.<ref>{{Cite web \|title=Haryana \|url=https://knowindia.india.gov.in/states-uts/haryana.php \|website=Know India, National Portal of India \|publisher=Government of India \|access-date=14 April 2026}}</ref>

	===Early Medieval Period===		===Early Medieval Period===
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	The First Battle of Panipat which took place in 1526 saw Babur achieving victory over Ibrahim Lodi to establish the Mughal Empire. Akbar achieved victory over Hemu during the Second Battle of Panipat which occurred in 1556. Ahmad Shah Abdali achieved victory over the Marathas during the Third Battle of Panipat which took place in 1761.		The First Battle of Panipat which took place in 1526 saw Babur achieving victory over Ibrahim Lodi to establish the Mughal Empire. Akbar achieved victory over Hemu during the Second Battle of Panipat which occurred in 1556. Ahmad Shah Abdali achieved victory over the Marathas during the Third Battle of Panipat which took place in 1761.

	The outcomes of these battles established the political framework which governed India during the following centuries.		The outcomes of these battles established the political framework which governed India during the following centuries.<ref>{{Cite web \|title=Haryana UPSC Guide \|url=https://theiashub.com/upsc/haryana/ \|website=The IAS Hub \|access-date=14 April 2026}}</ref>

	===British Period===		===British Period===
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	Haryana became part of East Punjab after the Partition of India which occurred in 1947. The arrival of refugees resulted in substantial demographic and economic changes to the area.		Haryana became part of East Punjab after the Partition of India which occurred in 1947. The arrival of refugees resulted in substantial demographic and economic changes to the area.

	The Punjab Reorganisation Act enabled the official establishment of Haryana on 1 November 1966. Bhagwat Dayal Sharma became its first Chief Minister.		The Punjab Reorganisation Act enabled the official establishment of Haryana on 1 November 1966. Bhagwat Dayal Sharma became its first Chief Minister.<ref>{{Cite web \|title=History of Kurukshetra District \|url=https://kurukshetra.gov.in/history/ \|website=District Kurukshetra, Government of Haryana \|access-date=14 April 2026}}</ref>

	==Geography==		==Geography==
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	* Punjab and Himachal Pradesh territories which extend to the north		* Punjab and Himachal Pradesh territories which extend to the north
	Rajasthan territories which extend to the west and south		Rajasthan territories which extend to the west and south
	[[Uttar Pradesh]] territory which extends to the east through the Yamuna River		[[Uttar Pradesh]] territory which extends to the east through the Yamuna River<ref>{{Cite web \|title=Department of Agriculture and Farmers Welfare, Haryana \|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20151117023236/http://agriharyana.nic.in/ \|website=Government of Haryana (Archived) \|access-date=14 April 2026}}</ref>

	* The state surrounds [[Delhi]] on three sides which creates strategic value for the area.		* The state surrounds [[Delhi]] on three sides which creates strategic value for the area.<ref>{{Cite web \|title=Geography of Haryana \|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160201121800/http://www.haryana-online.com/geography.htm \|website=Haryana-Online (Archived) \|access-date=14 April 2026}}</ref>

	== Administration ==		== Administration ==
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	** 72 sub-divisions		** 72 sub-divisions
	** Numerous towns and villages		** Numerous towns and villages
	* Local governance is managed through Panchayati Raj institutions.		* Local governance is managed through Panchayati Raj institutions<ref>{{Cite web \|title=Peakbagger Peak Information (PID 53260) \|url=https://www.peakbagger.com/peak.aspx?pid=53260 \|website=Peakbagger.com \|access-date=14 April 2026}}</ref>

	== Economy ==		== Economy ==
	* Haryana has one of the fastest-growing economies in India.		* Haryana has one of the fastest-growing economies in India.

Kirtisharma 21: /* Agriculture */

2026-04-14T12:09:12Z

Agriculture

← Older revision		Revision as of 17:39, 14 April 2026
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	** Sugarcane		** Sugarcane
	** Cotton		** Cotton

	~~Advanced irrigation systems support modern farming techniques.~~

	== Demographics ==		== Demographics ==

Kirtisharma 21: Created page with "{{#seo: |title=Haryana – State of India |description=Haryana is a northern state of India known for its agricultural productivity, industrial development, and proximity to the national capital Delhi. |keywords=Haryana, Haryana wiki, Haryana wikibio, Haryana knowlepedia, Chandigarh capital, Gurugram, Haryana economy, Haryana agriculture, Haryana culture, Haryana districts, North India state |image=https://knowlepedia.org/images/e/e9/Haryana.png |og:type=article |og:titl..."

2026-04-14T09:54:18Z

Created page with "{{#seo: |title=Haryana – State of India |description=Haryana is a northern state of India known for its agricultural productivity, industrial development, and proximity to the national capital Delhi. |keywords=Haryana, Haryana wiki, Haryana wikibio, Haryana knowlepedia, Chandigarh capital, Gurugram, Haryana economy, Haryana agriculture, Haryana culture, Haryana districts, North India state |image=https://knowlepedia.org/images/e/e9/Haryana.png |og:type=article |og:titl..."

New page

{{#seo:
|title=Haryana – State of India
|description=Haryana is a northern state of India known for its agricultural productivity, industrial development, and proximity to the national capital Delhi.
|keywords=Haryana, Haryana wiki, Haryana wikibio, Haryana knowlepedia, Chandigarh capital, Gurugram, Haryana economy, Haryana agriculture, Haryana culture, Haryana districts, North India state
|image=https://knowlepedia.org/images/e/e9/Haryana.png
|og:type=article
|og:title=Haryana – State of India
|og:description=Explore Haryana’s history, geography, economy, culture, and tourism in detail.
|og:image=https://knowlepedia.org/images/e/e9/Haryana.png
|twitter:card=summary_large_image
}} {{Infobox Indian state or territory
| name = Haryana
| image = Haryana.png
| image_caption = Map showing the location of Haryana
| capital = Chandigarh
| largest_city = Faridabad
| official_languages = Hindi
| area_km2 = 44,212
| population = 25,351,462 (2011)
| established = 1 November 1966
| timezone = IST (UTC+05:30)
| vehicle_code = HR
| website = https://haryana.gov.in/
}}'''Haryana''' exists as an state in the northwestern part of [[India]]. Haryana emerged as an [[Indian]] state on November 1 1966 after [[Punjab]] underwent linguistic reorganisation. The state of Haryana which occupies only 1.4 percent of India total land area 44 212 square kilometers maintains an unrealistic economic impact on Indian financial systems and manufacturing operations and agricultural output.

Chandigarh serves as the state capital which Punjab shares with it while Faridabad holds the title of the most populated city. Gurgaon (officially Gurugram) has gained international recognition as a leading financial corporate and technology hub which operates as part of the National Capital Region (NCR).

Haryana maintains its historical value through its status as the location of both ancient civilizations and major battle sites while also showing modern progress in agricultural development and industrial growth and infrastructure expansion.

==Etymology==

The name "Haryana" has multiple interpretations which stem from its historical and linguistic derivations. The term developed from the word "Ābhirāyana" which describes the territory where the Abhira people lived as a nomadic group who practiced farming. The word developed through two stages beginning with "Ahirayana" until it reached its current form "Haryana."

The name connects to "Hari" which represents Lord Vishnu and "ayana" which means home to create the meaning of "the abode of God." The ancient Indian spirituality of the region appears through its ties to Hindu religious traditions and Mahabharata epic.

==History==
===Prehistoric and Ancient Period===

Haryana presents archaeological evidence which shows its Indus Valley Civilization origins as one of the world's first urban societies. Archaeological sites such as Rakhigarhi and Bhirrana show advanced urban planning systems and drainage networks and metalworking techniques which date back to 2500 BCE or earlier.

Haryana served as the central territory of Kuru Kingdom which existed during Vedic times as one of the sixteen Mahajanapadas. The region closely links to the Battle of Kurukshetra which the Mahabharata describes as an epic fight that shows the battle between good and bad.

Ancient sages and scholars are believed to have composed parts of sacred texts such as the Vedas and Upanishads in this region, which became major centers for Indian philosophical and cultural development.

===Early Medieval Period===

Haryana experienced multiple dynasties during its early medieval period which included the Pushyabhuti dynasty that ruled during that time. Harsha established his main royal residence at Thanesar, which became the capital city of his kingdom. Harsha dedicated his life to supporting artistic endeavors and cultural activities while enhancing religious practices.

The Tomara dynasty established control over southern Haryana territories which the Chauhans and other regional rulers took over later. The region maintained its status as a vital center for agricultural production and commercial activities.

===Medieval Period and Battles of Panipat===

Haryana gained immense historical importance due to the three decisive battles fought in Panipat

The First Battle of Panipat which took place in 1526 saw Babur achieving victory over Ibrahim Lodi to establish the Mughal Empire. Akbar achieved victory over Hemu during the Second Battle of Panipat which occurred in 1556. Ahmad Shah Abdali achieved victory over the Marathas during the Third Battle of Panipat which took place in 1761.

The outcomes of these battles established the political framework which governed India during the following centuries.

===British Period===

The British Empire controlled Haryana as part of the Punjab Province during its period of dominance. The region experienced infrastructural development which brought about railway and canal systems that enhanced agricultural output.

===Partition and Formation of Haryana===

Haryana became part of East Punjab after the Partition of India which occurred in 1947. The arrival of refugees resulted in substantial demographic and economic changes to the area.

The Punjab Reorganisation Act enabled the official establishment of Haryana on 1 November 1966. Bhagwat Dayal Sharma became its first Chief Minister.

==Geography==

Haryana lies in the fertile Indo-Gangetic plain. Its borders connect to:

* Punjab and Himachal Pradesh territories which extend to the north
Rajasthan territories which extend to the west and south
[[Uttar Pradesh]] territory which extends to the east through the Yamuna River

* The state surrounds [[Delhi]] on three sides which creates strategic value for the area.

== Administration ==
* Haryana has a well-structured administrative system consisting of:
** 6 administrative divisions
** 22 districts
** 72 sub-divisions
** Numerous towns and villages
* Local governance is managed through Panchayati Raj institutions.

== Economy ==
* Haryana has one of the fastest-growing economies in India.
** GSDP: ₹7.65 trillion
** Strong industrial base
** High per capita income

* '''Major Sectors:'''
** Agriculture
** Automobile manufacturing
** IT and services (Gurgaon)
** Textiles and manufacturing

The state has multiple Special Economic Zones (SEZs) that boost exports and investment.

== Agriculture ==
* Haryana is a leading agricultural state and a key contributor to India’s Green Revolution.

* '''Major Crops:'''

** Wheat
** Rice
** Sugarcane
** Cotton

Advanced irrigation systems support modern farming techniques.

== Demographics ==
* According to the 2011 Census:
** Population: 25.3 million
* '''Major Communities:'''
** Jats
** Punjabis
** Scheduled Castes
* '''Languages:'''
** Hindi (official)
** Punjabi (second official)
** Haryanvi dialect
* '''Religion:'''
** Hinduism (majority)
** Islam and Sikhism (significant minorities)

== Culture ==
* Haryana’s culture is rooted in rural traditions.
* '''Highlights:'''
** Folk dances: Ghoomar, Phag
** Festivals: Holi, Diwali, Teej
** Cuisine: Bajra roti, butter, lassi

== Tourism ==
* Haryana offers historical, religious, and ecological tourism.
* '''Major destinations:'''
** Kurukshetra
** Pinjore Gardens
** Sultanpur Bird Sanctuary

== Education ==
* Haryana has a strong education system including:
** Schools
** Colleges
** Universities
* It supports literacy and skill development across the state.

==Infrastructure==

Haryana has excellent connectivity through highways, railways, and proximity to Delhi’s international airport.

==Climate==

Haryana has a continental climate:

* Hot summers
* Cold winters
* Moderate monsoon

==Challenges==
* Gender imbalance
* Environmental degradation
* Water scarcity
* Rapid urbanization

==See also==

* [[New Delhi]]
* [[India]]
* [[Goa]]
* [[Uttar Pradesh]]
* [[Gujarat]]

==References==

[[Category:Haryana]]
[[Category:States and union territories of India]]
[[Category:States of India]]
[[Category:Districts of Haryana]]