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Emergency (India): Difference between revisions
Created page with "{{#seo: |title=Emergency (India) – 1975–77 National Emergency Under Indira Gandhi |description=The Emergency refers to a 21-month period from 1975 to 1977 when Prime Minister Indira Gandhi declared a nationwide state of Emergency in India, suspending civil liberties and press freedom. |keywords=Emergency India 1975, Indira Gandhi Emergency, Indian democracy, censorship in India, Indian politics, civil liberties }} '''Emergency (India)''' refers to the '''21-mont..." |
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|title=Emergency ( | |title=Emergency in India (1975–1977) – Causes, Effects & History | ||
|description= | |description=Know about the Emergency in India (1975–1977) declared by Prime Minister Indira Gandhi, marked by press censorship, suspension of civil liberties, and political arrests. | ||
|keywords=Emergency India 1975, Indira Gandhi | |keywords=Emergency in India, 1975 Emergency, Indira Gandhi, Indian politics, press censorship, suspension of rights, authoritarian rule India, Indian democracy crisis | ||
}} | |image=https://Knowlepedia.org/Indira_Gandhi_in_1977.jpg | ||
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'''[[Emergency (India)]]''' refers to the '''21-month period from 25 June 1975 to 21 March 1977''', during which Prime Minister [[Indira Gandhi]] declared a state of internal emergency across the country under Article 352 of the Indian Constitution. | |og:title=Emergency in India (1975–1977) – Indira Gandhi’s Rule & Political Turmoil | ||
|og:description=Explore the history of India’s Emergency (1975–1977), its impact on democracy, press freedom, and the political landscape under Indira Gandhi. | |||
|og:image=https://Knowlepedia.org/Indira_Gandhi_in_1977.jpg | |||
|twitter:card=summary_large_image | |||
}}'''[[Emergency (India)]]''' refers to the '''21-month period from 25 June 1975 to 21 March 1977''', during which Prime Minister [[Indira Gandhi]] declared a state of internal emergency across the country under Article 352 of the Indian Constitution. It is widely considered one of the most controversial periods in Indian democratic history. | |||
== Background == | == Background == | ||
The declaration came after the Allahabad High Court found Indira Gandhi guilty of electoral malpractices in the 1971 general elections and invalidated her parliamentary win. Massive protests led by [[Jayaprakash Narayan]] and opposition parties, calling for her resignation, pushed Gandhi to declare Emergency citing "internal disturbances". | The declaration came after the Allahabad High Court found Indira Gandhi guilty of electoral malpractices in the 1971 general elections and invalidated her parliamentary win. Massive protests led by [[Jayaprakash Narayan]] and opposition parties, calling for her resignation, pushed Gandhi to declare Emergency citing "internal disturbances". | ||
== Provisions and Impact == | == Provisions and Impact == | ||
* '''Fundamental rights''' were suspended. | * '''Fundamental rights''' were suspended. | ||
* '''Press censorship''' was imposed. | * '''Press censorship''' was imposed. | ||
* '''Political opponents''' were arrested under preventive detention laws like | * '''Political opponents''' were arrested under preventive detention laws like Maintenance of Internal Security Act (MISA). | ||
* Over '''100,000 people''' were jailed, including major opposition leaders like [[Atal Bihari Vajpayee]], | * Over '''100,000 people''' were jailed, including major opposition leaders like [[Atal Bihari Vajpayee]], L. K. Advani, and Morarji Desai. | ||
* Forced sterilization drives were carried out under the family planning programme, led by | * Forced sterilization drives were carried out under the family planning programme, led by Sanjay Gandhi. | ||
== Constitutional Changes == | == Constitutional Changes == | ||
* The government passed the '''42nd Constitutional Amendment''', also known as the "Mini-Constitution". | * The government passed the '''42nd Constitutional Amendment''', also known as the "Mini-Constitution". | ||
* It curtailed the power of the judiciary and increased the power of the executive. | * It curtailed the power of the judiciary and increased the power of the executive. | ||
== End of Emergency == | == End of Emergency == | ||
The Emergency was lifted in '''March 1977''', and elections were held. The | The Emergency was lifted in '''March 1977''', and elections were held. The Janata Party, a coalition of anti-Emergency forces, defeated the Congress. Morarji Desai became the first non-Congress Prime Minister of India. | ||
== Legacy == | == Legacy == | ||
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== Key Figures == | == Key Figures == | ||
* [[Indira Gandhi]] – Prime Minister | * [[Indira Gandhi]] – Prime Minister | ||
* | * Sanjay Gandhi – Influential advisor and Youth Congress leader | ||
* [[Jayaprakash Narayan]] – Leading figure of resistance | * [[Jayaprakash Narayan]] – Leading figure of resistance | ||
* | * Morarji Desai – Post-Emergency Prime Minister | ||
== See Also == | == See Also == | ||
* [[Indira Gandhi]] | * [[Indira Gandhi]] | ||
* | * Janata Party | ||
* [[Jayaprakash Narayan]] | * [[Jayaprakash Narayan]] | ||
* | * 42nd Amendment of the Constitution of India | ||
* | * Indian democracy | ||
== References == | == References == | ||
<references /> | <references /> | ||
[[Category:Articles needing expansion]] | |||
[[Category:Articles needing more references]] | |||
[[Category:Indian politics]] | |||
[[Category:History of India (1947–present)]] | |||
[[Category:Indian emergency periods]] | |||
[[Category:Indira Gandhi]] | |||