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Bihar: Difference between revisions
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'''Bihar''' is a state in eastern [[India]], bordered by [[Nepal]] to the north and the Indian states of [[Uttar Pradesh]] to the west, | '''Bihar''' is a state in eastern [[India]], bordered by [[Nepal]] to the north and the Indian states of [[Uttar Pradesh]] to the west, Jharkhand to the south, and [[West Bengal]] to the east. It is the third-most populous state in India and has played a vital role in Indian history, politics, and religion.<ref>https://www.britannica.com/place/Bihar</ref> | ||
== History == | == History == | ||
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[[Patna]] the provincial capital of Bihar dates back in the Indian history when the town was called Patliputra and later on it was also called Kusumpura. The city was visited by Lord Buddha in the 6th century B.C. Patliputra, in the time of Ashoka became the centre from where messengers of peace and international understanding were sent to all over India and beyond. The glories of the city revived with the rise of the Gupta Empire in the early 4th century A.D. and Chandragupta I, who was the first emperor of the [[Gupta dynasty]], had his capital here. Fahian, Chinese pilgrim, who visited this city in early 5th century A.D, has left a very rich description of the place. | [[Patna]] the provincial capital of Bihar dates back in the Indian history when the town was called Patliputra and later on it was also called Kusumpura. The city was visited by Lord Buddha in the 6th century B.C. Patliputra, in the time of Ashoka became the centre from where messengers of peace and international understanding were sent to all over India and beyond. The glories of the city revived with the rise of the Gupta Empire in the early 4th century A.D. and Chandragupta I, who was the first emperor of the [[Gupta dynasty]], had his capital here. Fahian, Chinese pilgrim, who visited this city in early 5th century A.D, has left a very rich description of the place. | ||
In the Muslim period, The King | In the Muslim period, The King Sher Shah Suri (1488 –1545), the Afghan emperor, revived his capital and constructed a fort here on a strategic location and put a boundary around Patna. Later the Mughals acknowledged the importance of Patna when Humayun (1508 – 1556) the eldest son of the Emperor Babar, who succeeded his father to the throne in 1530, defeated the Suri dynasty and became the emperor of Hindustan. Subsequently, Akbar (1542 – 1605) the Mughal emperor of India who established a tolerant policy of co-operation with the Hindu population, and whose reign saw the zenith of Mughal power brought Patna into his own kingdom. The city was extended and beautified by different Mughal Governors, who built a large number of buildings for religious as well as administrative and public purposes. | ||
Patna played an important part when Mir Qasim Ali Khan who was enthroned in 1760 and he tried to throw off the yoke of the British. Mir Qasim fled from Monghyr to Patna and had 50 Englishmen executed by his German General Samru – the cemetery of those executed Englishmen lies behind the present City Hospital building. But in November 1763 Patna was captured by the British troops and Mir Qasim fled to Oudh. In 1764, in the famous battle of Buxer, Mir Qasim was defeated along with his allies by the British and he had to escape. He died, in 1777, in exile. | Patna played an important part when Mir Qasim Ali Khan who was enthroned in 1760 and he tried to throw off the yoke of the British. Mir Qasim fled from Monghyr to Patna and had 50 Englishmen executed by his German General Samru – the cemetery of those executed Englishmen lies behind the present City Hospital building. But in November 1763 Patna was captured by the British troops and Mir Qasim fled to Oudh. In 1764, in the famous battle of Buxer, Mir Qasim was defeated along with his allies by the British and he had to escape. He died, in 1777, in exile. | ||