Tipu Sultan: Difference between revisions
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{{Infobox | {{Infobox deceased | ||
| name = Tipu Sultan | | name = Tipu Sultan | ||
| image = Tipu_Sultan_portrait.jpg | | image = Tipu_Sultan_portrait.jpg | ||
| image_caption = Portrait of Tipu Sultan | | image_caption = Portrait of Tipu Sultan | ||
| birth_date = {{Birth date | | birth_date = {{Birth date|1751|11|20}} | ||
| birth_place = [[Devanahalli]], [[Kingdom of Mysore]] (present-day [[Karnataka]], India) | |||
| death_date = {{Death date and age|1799|05|04|1751|11|20}} | | death_date = {{Death date and age|1799|05|04|1751|11|20}} | ||
| death_place = [[Srirangapatna]], Mysore | | death_place = [[Srirangapatna]], Mysore | ||
| resting_place = Gumbaz, [[Srirangapatna]] | | resting_place = Gumbaz, [[Srirangapatna]] | ||
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| known_for = Resistance against British, Military innovations, Economic reforms | | known_for = Resistance against British, Military innovations, Economic reforms | ||
| notable_works = ''Fathul Mujahidin'' (Military manual), Rocket artillery, Mysore administration reforms | | notable_works = ''Fathul Mujahidin'' (Military manual), Rocket artillery, Mysore administration reforms | ||
| awards = Posthumously honored as a freedom fighter; statues and postal stamps in various Indian states | |||
| spouse = Ruqayya Banu, Fatima Fakhr-un-Nisa, Khadija Zaman Begum | | spouse = Ruqayya Banu, Fatima Fakhr-un-Nisa, Khadija Zaman Begum | ||
| children = 12 (incl. Fateh Hyder, Sultan Padshah) | | children = 12 (incl. Fateh Hyder, Sultan Padshah) | ||
| parents = [[Hyder Ali]] (father), Fakhr-un-Nissa (mother) | | parents = [[Hyder Ali]] (father), Fakhr-un-Nissa (mother) | ||
| religion = Islam | | religion = Islam | ||
| website = [https://www.karnataka.gov.in Official Karnataka Portal – Tipu Sultan] | | website = [https://www.karnataka.gov.in Official Karnataka Portal – Tipu Sultan] | ||
}} | }} | ||
'''Tipu Sultan''' (20 November 1751 – 4 May 1799), popularly known as the '''Tiger of Mysore''', was the ruler of the [[Kingdom of Mysore]] in South India. A brilliant military strategist, reformer, and staunch opponent of British colonialism, Tipu played a major role in resisting the British East India Company during the late 18th century.<ref>https://www.britannica.com/biography/Tipu-Sultan</ref> | '''Tipu Sultan''' (20 November 1751 – 4 May 1799), popularly known as the '''Tiger of Mysore''', was the ruler of the [[Kingdom of Mysore]] in South India. A brilliant military strategist, reformer, and staunch opponent of British colonialism, Tipu played a major role in resisting the British East India Company during the late 18th century.<ref>https://www.britannica.com/biography/Tipu-Sultan</ref> | ||
Revision as of 05:36, 26 June 2025
| Tipu Sultan | |
|---|---|
| File:Tipu Sultan portrait.jpg | |
| Portrait of Tipu Sultan | |
| Born | 20 November 1751 |
| Birthplace | Devanahalli, Kingdom of Mysore (present-day Karnataka, India) |
| Died | 04 May 1799 (aged 47) |
| Place of death | Srirangapatna, Mysore |
| Resting place | Gumbaz, Srirangapatna |
| Nationality | Indian |
| Occupation | Ruler of Mysore, Military Leader |
| Years active | 1782–1799 |
| Known for | Resistance against British, Military innovations, Economic reforms |
| Notable works | Fathul Mujahidin (Military manual), Rocket artillery, Mysore administration reforms |
| Awards | Posthumously honored as a freedom fighter; statues and postal stamps in various Indian states |
| Spouse(s) | Ruqayya Banu, Fatima Fakhr-un-Nisa, Khadija Zaman Begum |
| Children | 12 (incl. Fateh Hyder, Sultan Padshah) |
| Parents | Hyder Ali (father), Fakhr-un-Nissa (mother) |
| Religion | Islam |
| Website | Official Karnataka Portal – Tipu Sultan |
Tipu Sultan (20 November 1751 – 4 May 1799), popularly known as the Tiger of Mysore, was the ruler of the Kingdom of Mysore in South India. A brilliant military strategist, reformer, and staunch opponent of British colonialism, Tipu played a major role in resisting the British East India Company during the late 18th century.[1]
Early Life
Tipu Sultan was born in Devanahalli, near modern-day Bengaluru, to Hyder Ali, a powerful military commander who later became Sultan of Mysore. Tipu received early education in military tactics, languages, and science under the guidance of French officers and Indian scholars.[2]
Accession to Power
After the death of Hyder Ali in 1782 during the Second Anglo-Mysore War, Tipu Sultan succeeded him as the Sultan of Mysore. He continued the struggle against the British and introduced many reforms in administration, finance, and military organization.[3]
Reforms and Administration
Tipu Sultan implemented several modern policies:
- Established state trading depots and factories
- Introduced a new coinage and calendar
- Promoted sericulture and agriculture
- Maintained a strong standing army with rocket artillery
He was one of the first Indian rulers to recognize the importance of industrialization and science.[4]
Military Campaigns
Tipu fought four major wars known as the Anglo-Mysore Wars against the British:
- First & Second Wars – Fought alongside his father, Hyder Ali
- Third War (1790–1792) – Lost half his kingdom to the British and their allies
- Fourth War (1799) – Died fighting in the Battle of Srirangapatna
Tipu forged alliances with the French and the Ottoman Empire in hopes of driving out the British from India.[5]
Death
Tipu Sultan died a heroic death on 4 May 1799 while defending his capital, Srirangapatna, during the Fourth Anglo-Mysore War. He was later buried with honors at the Gumbaz Mausoleum.[6]
Legacy
- Revered as a patriot and martyr by many Indians
- Criticized by others for religious intolerance and harsh governance
- Inspired later freedom fighters like Bal Gangadhar Tilak and Mahatma Gandhi
Tipu Sultan remains a controversial yet heroic figure in Indian history. Statues, schools, and roads across India bear his name.
Notable Contributions
- Military Rockets: Developed iron-cased rocket artillery later used by the British in the Napoleonic Wars
- Economic Reforms: Encouraged trade and built state monopolies
- Science & Tech: Advocated for modern weapons and technology transfers with France
In Popular Culture
- Featured in several books, documentaries, and television series
- Subject of plays and historical novels like The Sword of Tipu Sultan
- Annual celebrations on 20 November (Tipu Jayanti) observed in Karnataka
See Also
References
- ↑ https://www.britannica.com/biography/Tipu-Sultan
- ↑ https://www.historytoday.com/archive/months-past/tipu-sultan-slain
- ↑ https://www.nam.ac.uk/explore/tipu-sultan
- ↑ https://archive.india.gov.in/knowindia/profiles/tipu_sultan.php
- ↑ https://www.telegraph.co.uk/news/worldnews/asia/india/11284791/Tipu-Sultan-Indias-lion-of-Islam.html
- ↑ https://www.thehindu.com/features/kids/tipu-sultan-the-tiger-of-mysore/article7091319.ece