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India: Difference between revisions
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'''India''', officially the '''Republic of India''', is a country located in South Asia. It is the seventh-largest country by land area, the most populous nation in the world, and the | '''India''', officially the '''Republic of India''', is a country located in South Asia. It is the seventh-largest country by land area, the most populous nation in the world, and the largest democracy. India shares land borders with [[Pakistan]], [[China]], [[Nepal]], [[Bhutan]], [[Bangladesh]], and [[Myanmar]], and maritime borders with [[Sri Lanka]] and the [[Maldives]]. | ||
India is renowned for its deep cultural heritage, spiritual philosophies, and contributions to science, mathematics, arts, and literature. It is the birthplace of major world religions including | India is renowned for its deep cultural heritage, spiritual philosophies, and contributions to science, mathematics, arts, and literature. It is the birthplace of major world religions including [[Hinduism]], [[Buddhism]], [[Jainism]], and [[Sikhism]]. | ||
== 🪷 Etymology == | == 🪷 Etymology == | ||
The word "India" is derived from the River Indus. In ancient times, it was referred to as 'Bharat', which remains the country’s native name. | The word "India" is derived from the River Indus. In ancient times, it was referred to as 'Bharat', which remains the country’s native name. | ||
== | == Historical Overview == | ||
India’s history spans over 5,000 years — from the Indus Valley Civilization to the Vedic age, Maurya and Gupta Empires, Delhi Sultanate, Mughals, and finally British colonial rule. India gained independence on [[15 August 1947]] under the leadership of Mahatma Gandhi and several national heroes. | India’s history spans over 5,000 years — from the [[Indus Valley Civilization]] to the Vedic age, Maurya and Gupta Empires, [[Delhi Sultanate]], [[Mughals]], and finally British colonial rule. India gained independence on [[15 August 1947]] under the leadership of Mahatma Gandhi and several national heroes. | ||
== | == Government and Politics == | ||
India is a | India is a '''federal parliamentary republic''', governed by the [[Constitution of India]]. The President is the ceremonial head of state, while the Prime Minister leads the government. The Parliament consists of the [[Lok Sabha]] (House of the People) and [[Rajya Sabha]] (Council of States). | ||
== | == Geography == | ||
India’s geography includes the Himalayas in the north, the Indo-Gangetic plains, the Thar Desert in the west, the tropical coastline in the south, and dense forests in the northeast. The country has a wide variety of ecosystems and biodiversity. | India’s geography includes the Himalayas in the north, the Indo-Gangetic plains, the [[Thar Desert]] in the west, the tropical coastline in the south, and dense forests in the northeast. The country has a wide variety of ecosystems and biodiversity. | ||
== | == Economy == | ||
India’s economy ranks among the top 5 globally by nominal GDP. It is diverse, with major contributions from: | India’s economy ranks among the top 5 globally by nominal GDP. It is diverse, with major contributions from: | ||
* Information Technology (IT) | * Information Technology (IT) | ||
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* Space and Atomic research | * Space and Atomic research | ||
== | == Culture == | ||
India’s cultural legacy is seen in its food, festivals, languages, music, clothing, and cinema. It is home to | India’s cultural legacy is seen in its food, festivals, languages, music, clothing, and cinema. It is home to [[Bollywood]], one of the world’s largest film industries. Every region has its own folk traditions, crafts, and customs. | ||
== | == Religion and Society == | ||
India is a secular nation with a pluralistic society. Major religions include Hinduism, Islam, Christianity, Sikhism, Buddhism, and Jainism. The Indian Constitution guarantees freedom of religion and cultural expression. | India is a secular nation with a pluralistic society. Major religions include [[Hinduism]], [[Islam]], [[Christianity]], [[Sikhism]], [[Buddhism]], and [[Jainism]]. The Indian Constitution guarantees freedom of religion and cultural expression. | ||
== | == See Also == | ||
* [[Geography of India]] | * [[Geography of India]] | ||
* [[History of India]] | * [[History of India]] | ||
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* [[States and Union Territories of India]] | * [[States and Union Territories of India]] | ||
== | == External Links == | ||
* [https://india.gov.in Official Government Portal] | * [https://india.gov.in Official Government Portal] | ||
* [https://www.incredibleindia.org/ Incredible India – Tourism Portal] | * [https://www.incredibleindia.org/ Incredible India – Tourism Portal] | ||