Maharashtra

Maharashtra is a state in western India, known for its economic strength, rich cultural traditions, and historical importance. It is India's second-most populous and third-largest state by area. The state’s capital is Mumbai, the financial and entertainment capital of India.

Geography and Demographics

• Bordered by Madhya Pradesh, Chhattisgarh, Telangana, Karnataka, Goa, Gujarat and the Arabian Sea
• Major cities include Pune, Nagpur, Nashik, Aurangabad, and Thane
• Language: Marathi (official)
• Diverse geography – coastlines, plateaus, and the Western Ghats

History

• Ancient settlements like the Ajanta Caves and Ellora Caves show early Buddhist, Jain, and Hindu influences
• In the medieval period, it rose to prominence under the Maratha Empire led by Chhatrapati Shivaji Maharaj
• Maharashtra was formed on 1 May 1960 after bifurcation from Bombay State

Economy

• Maharashtra contributes the largest share to India’s GDP
• Strong sectors: Finance, IT, Pharmaceuticals, Textiles, Agriculture
• Mumbai houses Reserve Bank of India, Bombay Stock Exchange and several Fortune 500 companies

Culture and Society

• Marathi literature and theater are widely respected
• Popular festivals: Ganesh Chaturthi, Gudi Padwa, Diwali, Holi
• Classical arts: Lavani, Tamasha, Bharud
• Famous cuisine: Vada Pav, Puran Poli, Misal Pav

Tourism

• UNESCO World Heritage Sites: Ajanta and Ellora Caves, Elephanta Caves
• Popular destinations: Mahabaleshwar, Lonavala, Shirdi, Alibaug
• Forts associated with Shivaji: Raigad Fort, Sinhagad Fort, Shivneri Fort

Administration

• Maharashtra has a bicameral legislature
• Current Governor: Ramesh Bais
• Current Chief Minister: Eknath Shinde
• High Court: Bombay High Court, which also has jurisdiction over Goa

See Also

• Mumbai
• Pune
• Ajanta Caves
• Chhatrapati Shivaji Maharaj
• Indian States and Union Territories