Maharashtra
Maharashtra is a state in western India, known for its economic strength, rich cultural traditions, and historical importance. It is India's second-most populous and third-largest state by area. The state’s capital is Mumbai, the financial and entertainment capital of India.[1]
Geography and Demographics
- Bordered by Madhya Pradesh, Chhattisgarh, Telangana, Karnataka, Goa, Gujarat and the Arabian Sea
- Major cities include Pune, Nagpur, Nashik, Aurangabad, and Thane
- Language: Marathi (official)
- Diverse geography – coastlines, plateaus, and the Western Ghats
History
- Ancient settlements like the Ajanta Caves and Ellora Caves show early Buddhist, Jain, and Hindu influences
- In the medieval period, it rose to prominence under the Maratha Empire led by Chhatrapati Shivaji Maharaj[2]
- Maharashtra was formed on 1 May 1960 after bifurcation from Bombay State
Economy
- Maharashtra contributes the largest share to India’s GDP
- Strong sectors: Finance, IT, Pharmaceuticals, Textiles, Agriculture
- Mumbai houses Reserve Bank of India, Bombay Stock Exchange and several Fortune 500 companies[3]
Culture and Society
- Marathi literature and theater are widely respected
- Popular festivals: Ganesh Chaturthi, Gudi Padwa, Diwali, Holi
- Classical arts: Lavani, Tamasha, Bharud
- Famous cuisine: Vada Pav, Puran Poli, Misal Pav
Tourism
- UNESCO World Heritage Sites: Ajanta and Ellora Caves, Elephanta Caves
- Popular destinations: Mahabaleshwar, Lonavala, Shirdi, Alibaug
- Forts associated with Shivaji: Raigad Fort, Sinhagad Fort, Shivneri Fort
Administration
- Maharashtra has a bicameral legislature
- Current Governor: Ramesh Bais
- Current Chief Minister: Eknath Shinde
- High Court: Bombay High Court, which also has jurisdiction over Goa